Gambling involves risking money or something of value on an event with a random outcome, such as a roll of dice, spin of the wheel, flip of a coin or racehorse. It includes games of chance such as scratchcards, fruit machines and bingo, as well as betting on sports events and fantasy leagues. A small number of people develop a gambling addiction. Symptoms include difficulty controlling gambling, spending more than you can afford and lying to conceal gambling activity.

In recent years, there has been a growing consensus among researchers that pathological gambling should be considered an addiction. The American Psychiatric Association’s diagnostic manual identifies 10 warning signs of compulsive gambling:

Some people who gamble become addicted to it for reasons such as poor math skills, diminished impulse control, mental illness or a history of trauma. Others may have a family history of gambling problems, be antisocial or have impulsive personality traits. Still others use gambling to cope with stress, depression or anxiety.

There is no cure for gambling addiction, but there are ways to help someone who is struggling. Encourage the gambler to seek professional help. Attempt to set boundaries in managing money, take over household finances and review bank and credit card statements to ensure the gambler is not stealing. Also, support them by finding other sources of entertainment. Consider joining a book club, exercising, enrolling in a course or volunteering. You could also join a peer support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous, which is based on the 12-step program for Alcoholics Anonymous.